Web Chapter 70 Laser Lithotripsy

  1. Adams LG: Cystoscopy. In Elliot J, Grauer GF, editors: Manual of small animal nephrology and urology, ed 2, London, 2006, British Small Animal Veterinary Association, p 192.
  2. Adams LG et al: Use of laser lithotripsy for fragmentation of uroliths in dogs: 73 cases (2005-2006), J Am Vet Med Assoc 232:1680, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Appel SL et al: Evaluation of risk factors associated with suture-nidus cystoliths in dogs and cats: 176 cases (1999-2006), J Am Vet Med Assoc 233:1889, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Chan KF et al: Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy: a dominant photothermal ablative mechanism with chemical decomposition of urinary calculi, Lasers Surg Med 25:22, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Grant DC, Were SR, Gevedon ML: Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for urolithiasis in dogs, J Vet Intern Med 22:534, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Lulich JP et al: Efficacy and safety of laser lithotripsy in fragmentation of urocystoliths and urethroliths for removal in dogs, J Am Vet Med Assoc 234:1279, 2009. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Teichman JM et al: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy: photothermal mechanism converts uric acid calculi to cyanide, J Urol 160:320, 1998. PUBMED Abstract